What is Tooth Decay?

Though the teeth are one of the stronger substances within the human body, they have the potential to endure damage in the form of tooth decay. Tooth decay, also known as dental caries, is a condition caused by the creation of diminutive holes known as cavities that form within teeth. Tooth decay gradually occurs across stages yet it should be treated as early as possible to prevent the loss of a tooth. Losing a tooth is not only uncomfortable, it is costly and time-consuming.

The Difference Between Tooth Decay and Cavities

There is a common misconception that tooth decay is the same as a cavity. These are not one in the same. Tooth decay starts when bacteria generate an acid that harms the surface of teeth. The process of decay takes some time to progress. The hole might start out microscopic in size. If the acid penetrates the enamel, a cavity will form. It can take upwards of three years or longer for this process to play out. Unfortunately, if tooth decay progresses to the point that a cavity forms, it will not be possible for the tooth to repair itself. It is even possible for tooth decay to move all the way through the tooth dentin and destroy portions of tooth tissue still covered by the enamel that remains intact.

Causes of Tooth Decay

Tooth decay refers to cavities as well as oral pain, infection, and abscesses that make it difficult to chew and maintain fresh breath. Tooth decay is preventable yet plenty of people are unwilling to take the steps necessary to stop its onset. The vast majority of people experience tooth decay in their life. Every mouth contains bacteria that eventually lead to the formation of plaque. Plaque interacts with deposits remaining on the teeth from foods laden with sugar and starch. This interaction leads to the production of acid. Acid gradually harms tooth enamel as time progresses. It actually demineralizes or dissolves the enamel, weakening the teeth and subsequently causing tooth decay. Examples of sugary and starch-laden foods and beverages that cause tooth decay include soda, milk, candy, juice, and fruits.

As acid wears the tooth enamel away, cavities form. These cavities become deeper as time progresses. Cavities eventually reach the point where they spread throughout the entire tooth, damaging the underlying support for the tooth enamel. This enamel subsequently becomes extremely thin and sensitive until it reaches the point where it fractures. This is the point at which people realize they have significant dental decay. The fracture can manifest in the form of a chip that causes significant pain.

In fact, tooth decay is often overlooked until this “breaking point” described above as it does not always manifest with preliminary symptoms. This is precisely why it is important that you visit the dentist at least once every six months. Aside from running the risk of a fracture, tooth decay also has the potential to spread to the interior portion of the tooth known as the pulp. The pulp is infected and an abscess is likely to form that causes an infection and considerable pain.

For more information call Dennis Baik, DDS at (408) 676-5321.